This Week I Learned - Week #50 2021
This Week I Learned -
* A failover cluster requires that more than half of its nodes are running, a condition known as having quorum. If the cluster has just two nodes, a network partition could cause each node to think it's the primary node. In that case, you need a witness to break ties and establish quorum. A witness is a resource such as a shared disk that can act as a tie breaker to establish quorum. Cloud Witness is a type of witness that uses Azure Blob Storage. The Azure Blob Storage must use Zone Redundant Storage (ZRS) to be unaffected by a zone failure.
* If you choose Azure SQL DBaaS, you can reduce costs because you don't need to configure an Always On availability group and domain controller machines. There are several deployment options starting from single database up to managed instance, or elastic pools.
* You're charged only for the number of configured load-balancing and outbound rules. Inbound NAT rules are free. There's no hourly charge for the Azure Standard Load Balancer when no rules are configured.
* Network Virtual Appliance (NVA) is a generic term for a virtual appliance that can perform network-related tasks, such as firewall, packet inspection, auditing, and custom routing. Consider adding a NVA to create a DMZ between the internet and the Azure virtual network.
* The AWS Cloud Adoption Readiness Tool (CART) helps organizations of all sizes develop efficient and effective plans for cloud adoption and enterprise cloud migrations. Its 16-question online survey and assessment report details your cloud migration readiness across six perspectives including business, people, process, platform, operations, and security. The CART report includes a heatmap and radar chart with detailed scoring information and resources to help you improve your readiness score.
* A PDF copy of OCI User Guide covering all Oracle Cloud Infrastructure services is available for offline use.
* TOTP - time-based one-time password
* Social engineering red flag example - an email with a hyperlink that is a misspelling of a known website. For instance, www.bankofarnerica.com — the “m” is really two characters — “r” and “n.”
* Relativity helps people make decisions but it can also make them miserable. People compare their lives to those of others, leading to jealousy and inferiority. finishes the chapter by saying "the more we have, the more we want" and Ariely's suggested cure is to break the cycle of relativity.
* A high severity vulnerability impacting multiple versions of the Apache Log4j 2 utility was disclosed publicly via the project’s GitHub on December 9, 2021. This vulnerability, which was discovered by Chen Zhaojun of Alibaba Cloud Security Team, impacts Apache Log4j 2 versions 2.0 to 2.14.1.
* Seeing familiar objects or patterns in otherwise random or unrelated objects or patterns is called pareidolia. It's a form of apophenia, which is a more general term for the human tendency to seek patterns in random information.
* Earth’s rotation can be changed based on any of its dynamic processes, from winds and atmospheric pressures to earthquakes and glaciation — any time a large mass moves from one location on the planet to another. Rotational shifts were observed during the major earthquakes in Chile in 2010 and in Japan in 2011, both of which increased the Earth’s spin and hence decreased the length of the day. Raising enough water above sea level to fill China's Three Gorges Reservoir (the biggest hydropower dam in the world) would also increase Earth’s moment of inertia and thus slow its rotation — a small shift of about .06 microseconds per day, making the planet slightly more round in the middle and flat on top.
* Mealworms were approved as food in Switzerland. Dried mealworms were authorized as novel food in the European Union. In 2015, it was discovered that mealworms can degrade polystyrene into usable organic matter at a rate of about 34–39 milligrams per day.
* Poliomyelitis has existed for thousands of years, with depictions of the disease in ancient art. Karl Landsteiner and Erwin Popper discovered poliovirus in 1908 by proving that it was not a bacterium that caused the paralysis, but a much smaller entity—a virus. Polio is caused by 1 of 3 types of the poliovirus. It often spreads due to contact with infected feces. Those who are infected may spread the disease for up to six weeks even if no symptoms are present. The disease occurs naturally only in humans.
* The first polio vaccine, known as inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) or Salk vaccine, was developed in the early 1950s by American physician Jonas Salk. This vaccine contains killed virus and is given by injection. The large-scale use of IPV began in February 1954.
* For seven years, Jonas Salk devoted himself towards developing a vaccine against polio. Salk decided to use the safer 'killed' virus, instead of weakened forms of strains of polio viruses like the ones used contemporaneously by Albert Sabin, who was developing an oral vaccine. Sabin's oral vaccine has become the world standard. Neither Jonas Salk nor Albert Sabin received a Nobel Prize for their work in creating vaccines.
* Albert Sabin began university in a dentistry program, but was interested in virology and changed majors. Salk developed an inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) that was effective in preventing most of the complications of polio, but did not prevent the initial intestinal infection. Sabin was able to demonstrate that the poliovirus multiplied and attacked the intestines before it moved to the central nervous system. Sabin developed an oral vaccine based on mutant strains of polio virus that seemed to stimulate antibody production but not to cause paralysis. Recipients of his live attenuated oral vaccine included himself, family, and colleagues. Sabin's first oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV), for use against type 1 polioviruses, was licensed in the US in 1961. His vaccines for type 2 and type 3 polioviruses were licensed in 1962. From the development of his vaccine Sabin did not gain a penny, and continued to live on his salary as a professor.
* Polio was eliminated from the United States in 1979 and from the Western Hemisphere in 1991. India was taken off the WHO list of polio endemic countries in February 2012.
* Franklin D. Roosevelt (president, 1933–1945) was the only president to be elected more than twice, having won a third term in 1940 and a fourth term in 1944 (though he died in office three months into his fourth term). This gave rise to a successful move to formalize the traditional two-term limit by amending the U.S. Constitution. As ratified in 1951, the Twenty-Second Amendment provides that "no person shall be elected to the office of President more than twice". Roosevelt, a chain-smoker throughout his entire adult life
* Software—an Indian labour market oasis of high productivity with only 0.8% of the labour force producing 8% of GDP—will hire across five kinds of employers:
- Captive centers for product information technology companies (40%);
- Third-party software service companies (40%);
- Captive software centers for offshore non-information technology companies (10%);
- Indian tech unicorns servicing global software-as-service markets (5%); and
- Indian tech unicorns servicing Indian domestic consumption (5%).
* Children below 18 form 40 per cent of the country's population
* Gujarat Cooperative Milk Marketing Federation owns the Amul brand that did $7.3 billion in sales in 2020-21 and is India's largest food marketing organisation.
* Banaskantha district in north Gujarat is the largest producing district for potatoes in India.
* The Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI), the body that manages Aadhaar provides you with an option of checking where and when your Aadhaar was used - https://resident.uidai.gov.in/aadhaar-auth-history
* We've heard of so many hybrid creatures from Greek Mythology - Mermaids, Centaurs, Sirens, and Gorgons. But our books have rarely spot-lighted creatures from Indian mythology. YALI is one such fascinating beast. It can be spotted in many Hindu temples in TN. The mythical creature, found in many Tamil temples as stone sculptures. Considered guardians of gods, Yalis are hybrid beasts. Typically they have a lion's body, elephants face, and serpents tail. Sometimes they are visualized with goat face, and horse body. Yalis are also spotted often in the musical instrument Veena as adornments. - #verytamilthings
* The 50-second Pepsi commercial Yahi Hai Right Choice Baby! launched 19-year-old Aishwarya Rai in 1993 in the character of Sanjana. There were more than twice as many Sanjanas born in 1993 as in the preceding three years, according to voter rolls from the 2015 Delhi assembly elections. According to Prahalad Kakar, director of the ‘Sanju ad,’ as it came to be called, Rai’s was the “face that launched a thousand babies”.
* 90% of Indian surnames reveal one’s caste....there’s even an app that helps you find it out, called Indian Caste Hub
* Indian names (both first and last) contain enormous signalling value. They can be used by marketers, analysts, and entrepreneurs to assess the affluence, age, ethnicity, and gender distributions of their audience. - Quartz India
* "AI is starting to operate on levels we don't even understand. Elon Musk himself gives humanity a 5% shot of surviving AI and he is a Walt Disney-level optimist." - Gilfoyle, Silicon Valley S5E5
* "Adversity is a great teacher, like cigarette burns" - Jared, Silicon Valley S5E7
* "In doing what we ought we deserve no praise because it is our duty" - St Augustine
* "Research is to see what everybody else has seen, and to think what nobody else has thought" - Albert Szent-Gyorgyi
* "A genius is the man who can do the average thing when everyone else around him is losing his mind." —Napoleon Bonaparte
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